Notes and Quotes

Hypothesis Testing

"Rejection of a true null hypothesis at the 0.05 level will occur only one in 20 times. The overwhelming majority of these false rejections will be based on test statistics close to the borderline value. If the null hypothesis is false, the inter-ocular traumatic test ["hit between the eyes"] will often suffice to reject it; calculation will serve only to verify clear intuition."
W. Edwards, Harold Lindman, Leonard J. Savage (1962) Bayesian Statistical Inference for Psychological Research. University of Michigan. Institute of Science and Technology.

The "inter-ocular traumatic test", IOTT, is attributed to Joseph Berkson, who also advocated logistic models.


Thurstone's Criteria for Freedom in Test Construction and Administration

1. Not required to have the same number of items at each difficulty level.

2. Permissible to omit items of any difficulty without affecting the subject's measure.

3. Item formats can include dichotomies and those that give a variable score, such as time in seconds or number of right answers or number of errors.

4. The range of item difficulty administered to the subject does not affect the subject's measure.

5. A measure can be determined for each subject, so that performances can be compared.

6. Arithmetical labor in determining subject measures is minimal. [With KeyMath, do it by eye!]

7. No imputation of responses to omitted items.

Paraphrased from L.L. Thurstone, The Scoring of Individual Performance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1926, 17, 446-57.


Notes and Quotes. … Rasch Measurement Transactions, 1989, 3:2 pp.53



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